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Wales
units of length and area

source

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1

Venedotian code

XVII. Of the Laws of Dyvnwal Moel Mud, and of Measure

5. And that measure Dyvnwal measured by a barley corn: three lengths of a barley corn in the modfedd; three modfeddi in the palm breadth; three palm breadths in the troedfedd; three troedfeddi in the pace; three paces in the leap; three leaps in a land, the land, in modern welsh, is called a ridge; and a thousand of the lands is a mile. And that measure we still use here.

6. And they made the measure of the legal erw by the barley corn: three lengths of a barley corn in the modfedd; three modfeddi in the palm breadth; three palm breadths in the foot; four feet in the short yoke; and eight in the field yoke, and twelve in the lateral yoke; and sixteen in the long yoke: and a rod, equal in length to that long yoke, in the hand of the driver, with the middle spike of that long yoke in the other hand of the driver, and as far as he can reach with that rod, stretching out his arm, are the two skirts of the erw, that is to say, the breadth of a legal erw, and thirty of that is the length of the erw.

7. Four such erws are to be in every tyddyn.

8. Four tyddyns in every randir.

9. Four randir in in every gavael.

10. Four gavaels in every trev.

11. Four trevs in every maenol.

12. And twelve maenols and two trevs in every cymwd.

The Commissioners of the Public Records of the Kingdom.
Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales, comprising laws supposed to be enacted by Howel the Good, modified
Printed by command of his Late Majesty King William IV, 1841.
Pages 184-187.

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Last revised: 9 June 2009.