F. E. Ross.
The Physics of the Developed Image.
New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1924.

See the discussion of the Greenwich, Ross, and Scheiner formulas.

log (d + a) = e log (b + k log E)

where

d = diameter of disc in image

E = exposure of plate

a, b, k, e = constants

Equation a e b k
Greenwich 0 2 * *
Ross * 2 * *
Scheiner 0 1 * *

* determined empirically